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    • Learn Raag & Taal – Basics of Indian Classical Music

    Get basic information about 85 main raags and 6 important Taals.

    In the table below every raag has been described with its:

    1. Thaat
    2. Aroh – Ascending order
    3. Avroh – Descending order
    4. Pakad – Main structure / order of using notes in the raag
    5. Vadi – Most used note
    6. Samvadi – Second most used note
    7. Time – of Singing or playing

    Thaat: all Raags have been derived from one of the following 10 Thaats:

    1. Bilaval – SA RE GA MA PA DHA NI SA. – All pure notes
    2. Kalyan– SA RE GA MA’ PA DHA NI SA. – MA’ tivra
    3. Khamaj– SA RE GA MA PA DHA ni SA. – ni komal
    4. Bhairav – SA re GA MA PA dha NI SA. – re and dha komal
    5. Poorvi – SA re GA MA’ PA dha NI SA. – re and dha komal and MA’ tivra
    6. Marva – SA re GA MA’ PA DHA NI SA. – re komal and MA’ tivra
    7. Kafi – SA RE ga MA PA DHA ni SA. – ga and ni komal
    8. Asavari – SA RE ga MA PA dha ni SA. – ga, dha and ni komal
    9. Bhairavi– SA re ga MA PA dha ni SA. – re, ga, dha and ni komal
    10. Todi – SA re ga MA’ PA dha NI SA. – re, ga and dha komal and MA’ tivra

    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

    Raag Name Thaat Aroh
    (ascending)    		 Avroh
    (descending)    		 Pakad – Mukhyang
    (main structure of raag)    		 Vadi
    (main note)    		 Samvadi
    (second main)    		 Time of singing or playing Remarks
    1 Aabhogi Kafi S R g M D S. S. D M g R S D S R g M R S S M morning
    2 Abhogi Kanhra Kafi S R g M D S. S. D M g R S, .D S MgRS, .DSRg, MDMg, RS, S M 10 am to 1 pm
    3 Adana Asavari S R M P, d N S. S. d n P M P, g M R S S. d N S. , d , n PMP, g M R S S. P 1 to 4 am
    4 Ahir Bhairav Vocal Bhairav S r G M, P D n S. S. n D P, M G r S G M r S, .D .N r S M S morning
    5 Alahiya Bilaval Bilaval SR GMGR, GP,D N S. S. NDP, DnDP, MG MRS G R GP,MGMR, GPDnDP D G morning
    6 Asavari Vocal Sitar Asavari S R M P d S. S. n d P M g R S R M P, n d P, d M P, g R S D G 10 am to 1 pm
    7 Bageshri Vocal Sitar Kafi S g M D n S. S. n D M g R S S .n .D S, M g, M D n D, Mg, M g R S M S 10 pm to 1 am
    8 Bahar Sitar Kafi .n S, g M P, g M, n D N S. S. n D n P, M P g M R S M P g M D N S. M S 10 am to 1 pm
    9 Basant Poorvi S G M’ d r. S r. N d P, M’ G, M’ d M’ G , r S M’ d r. S., r. N d P, M’ G M’ G S. P 4 to 7 am
    10 Bhairav Vocal Sitar Bhairav S r G M P d N S. S. N d P MG r S DM r , GMP, MG, r S D R 7 to 10 am
    11 Bhairavi Vocal Sitar Bhairavi S r g M P d n S. S. n d P M g r S S g M P, d — p M S morning
    12 Bhimpalasi Vocal Sitar Kafi .n S g M P n S. S. n D P M g R S .n S M, M P g, M g R S M S 10 am to 1 pm
    13 Bhupali Vocal Sitar Kalyan S R G P D S. S. D P G R S GRS.D, SRG, PG, DPG, R S G D 7 to 10 pm
    14 Bihag Bilaval .N S G M P N S. S. N D P M G R S .NS, GMP, GMG, RS G N 7 to 10 pm
    15 Bihagra Bilaval .N S G, G M P D n D P, N S. S. N D, n D P, G M G R S GMPDnDP, GMGRS M S 10 pm to 1 am Some use M’ also
    16 Bilaskhani Todi Bhairavi S r g, M g, P d, n d, S.
    S. r. n d P, M g r g r S
    		 .d S r g, Mg, r g, r S d g 10 am to 1 pm
    17
    Bilaval Vocal
    Bilaval
    S R G M P D S.
    S. N D P M G RS
    G R GP, DNS.
    		 D G morning
    18 Chandrakauns . .N S g M d N S. S. N d M g M g S g M N d M g M g .N S M S  mid night
    19 Chayanat Kalyan S, RGMP, DP, ND, S. S. NDP, M’ PDP, RGMP, GMRS P–R, RGMP, MG MR, S R P 7 to 10 pm
    20 Darbari Kanhdra Sitar Asavari .n S R g R S, M P d n R. S. S. d n P, M P, g M R S g M R S, .d .n S R S R P 10 pm to 1 am
    21 Des Vocal Sitar Kamaj S R M P N S. S. n D P M G R G S RMP, nDP, DMGR, G.NS P R 7 to 10 pm Some consider R vadi and P samvadi
    22 Deshkar Bilaval S R G P D, S. S. D P, G R S D D P, G P D P, G R S D G 7 to 10 am
    23 Desi Asavari R g R S R .n S, R M P n S. S. P -, D M P R g S R .n S RgRSR.nS, RMPDMPgRgRSR.nS P R 10 am to 1 pm
    24 Dhanashri Kafi .n S, g M P, n S. S. n D P, M P g, M g R S .n S, GMP, g , MgRS P S 1 to 4 pm
    25 Durga Vocal Bilaval S R M P D S. S. D P M R S DMR, MPDMR, .DS M S 10 am to 1 pm
    26 Gaur Malhar Kafi R G R M, G R S, M R P M P, D S. S. n D n P, D G P M, R G R M G R S RGRM, GRS, PM, PD, S. , D P M M S 1 to 4 pm Some consider thaat Bilaval
    27 Gaur Sarang Kalyan S, GR, M’ G, PM’ , DP, ND, S. S. DNP, DM’ PG, MR, PR, S S, GRMG, PRS G D 7 to 10 am
    28 Gurjari Todi Todi S r g M’ d N S. S. n d M’ g r, g r S .d .n S r g, r S, M’ g r g r S d r 10 am to 1 pm
    29 Hamir Kalyan S R S , G M D, N D S. S. N D P, M’ P D P, G M R S S R S, G M D D G 7 to 10 pm
    30 Hansadhvani Sitar Bilaval S G R, G P, N S. S. N P, G P G R, S SGRS, .N.P, GR, GPGR, S S P 7 to 10 pm Some consider G – Vadi and N- Samvadi
    31 Hindol Kalyan S G, M’ D N D, S. S. , N D , M’ G , S SG, M’DND, M’GS D G 7 to 10 am N is used less to avoid Sohni
    32 Jai Jai Vanti Vocal Kamaj S, R g R S, .n .D.P, R, GMP, NS. S. n D P, G M, R g R S R g RS, .n.D.P, R, GM, R g R S R P 10 am to 1 pm
    33 Jaunpuri Asavari S RM P d n S. S. n d P, M g R S RMP, n d P, d M P, gRS d g 10 am to 1 pm
    34 Jhinjhoti Khamaj S R G M P D n S. S. n D P M G R S .DS, RM, G, PMGR, S.n.D.P G n 10 am to 1 pm
    35 Jogiya Bhairav S r M P d S. S. N d P M r S M, r S, S r r M r S M S morning
    36
    Kafi
    S R g M P D n S.
    S. n D P M g R S
    		 SS RR gg MM P P R 1 to 3 pm
    37 Kalavati Khamaj S G P D n S. S. n D P G S G P D n D P, G P G S P S 10 pm to 1 am
    38 Kamod Kalyan S, RP, M’ PDP, NDS. S.NDP, M’ PDP, GMP, GM, RS RP, M’ PDP, GMP,GMRS P S 7 to 10 pm
    39 Kausi Kanhda Asavari S R g M P D n S. S. n D P M g R S . M S 10 pm to 1 am Bageshri Ang
    40 Kedar Vocal Kalyan S M, M P, D P, N D S. S. NDP, M’ PDPM, PMRS S M, M P, D P M, P M R S S M 7 to 10 pm
    41 Khamaj Vocal

    Sitar

    		 Khamaj S G M P D N S. S. n D P M G R S G M P D n D, M P D,MG G N 10 pm to 1 am
    42 Lalit Marva .N r G M, M’ M G, M’ D S. R. N D, M’ D M’ M G, R S .NRGM, DM’, MG, M’GRS M S 4 to 7 am
    43 Madhuvanti Todi .N S g M’ P N S. S. N D P M’ g R S .NSGM’P, M’GRS P S 4 to 7 pm
    44 Madhyamad Sarang Kafi .n S R M P n S. S. n P , M R S .nSR, RMRPR, nP, MRS R P 7 to 10 am
    45 Malgunji Kafi .D .N S R G M, G M, D N S. S. N D P M G, M g R S GMgRS, .D.nSRGM S M night
    46 Malkauns Vocal Sitar Bharavi .n S g M d n S. S. n d M g M g S M g, M d n d, M g, M g, S M S 1 to 4 am
    47 Maluha Kedar Bilaval .N R S, G M P, D P M, M P N S. S. N D P, G M P G M R S .NSGMP, GMRS, .D.P.M.P.NS M S 10 pm to 1 am
    48 Mand Bilaval S G R M G, P M D P, N D S. S. D N P, D M P G M S S, RG, S, R, MMP, D, PDS. S P all time
    49 Maru Bihag Kalyan .N S G M P N S. S. N D P, M’ G M’ G R S M’ G, RS, RS, SMGP, M’ G M’ G RS G N 10 pm to 1 am
    50 Marva Marva .N r G M’ D N S. S. N D M’ G r S D, M’ G r, G M’ G r S D R evening It is a Sandhi Prakash Raag
    51 Miya Ki Sarang Kafi S R M R, M P n D N S. S. n D n P, M P, M R M R, S .N S SRS, .nD.nP, .M.P.n.D.NS, R, MR, PMR.NS R P 10 am to 1 pm
    52 Miya Malhar Kafi R M R S, M R P, M P n D, N S. S. n D, n M P, g M R S RMR S .n .p, .M .P .n .D .N S, P g M R S M S 10 pm to 1 am
    53 Multani Todi .N S g M’ P N S. S. N d P M’ g r S .N S, M’ g, P g, r S P S 1 to 4 pm
    54 Nand – Anandi Kalyan S G M , P D , N P S. S. D, N P, D M’ P, G M D P R S GMDP, RSGM S P 10 pm to 1 am
    55 Pahadi Bilaval S R G P D S. S. D P , G P, G R S G, RS, .D, .P.DS S P all time
    56 Paraj Poorvi .N S G, M’ d N S. S. N d P, M’ P d P, G M G, M’ G r S S., N d P, M’ P d P, G M G S. P 4 to 7 am
    57 Patdeep Kafi S g M P N S. S. N D P M g R S D P, g, M P N S. P S 1 to 4 pm (towards 4 pm) It’s N is little sharper
    58 Piloo or Pilu Sitar Kafi .N S G M P N S. S. n D P n d P d P M g S .N S .P .N S R g S, G M P g S, .N S G N 1 to 4 pm All 12 notes are used in this raag
    59 Pooriya Marva .N r S, G, M’ D, N r. S. S. N D M’ G r S G, .N r S, .N.D.N.M’.D, r S G M’ evening It is a Sandhi Prakash Raag
    60 Pooriya Dhanashri Poorvi .N r G M’ P, d P, N S. S. N d P, M’ G M’ r G, r S .N r G, M’ P, dP, M’ G, M’ r G, r S P r evening It is a Sandhi Prakash Raag
    61 Poorvi Poorvi .N r G, M’ P, d N S. S. N d P M’, GMG, r S .N, S r G, MG, M’ G r S G N evening It is a Sandhi Prakash Raag
    62 Rageshwari Khamaj S G M D N S. S. n D M G R S GMDN S. n DM, GMRS, .D .n S G M M S 10 pm to 1 am
    63 Ramdasi Malhar Kafi .N S, R G M, n D n P N S. S. n D n P, D P M, P g, M P g, M R S RPMGM, nPgMRS M S rainy season
    64 Ramkali Bhairav S r G M P d N S. S. N d P, M’ P d n d P, G M r S d P, M’PdndP, GM’, r PMG r S P S morning
    65 Rasranjani Bilaval S R M D N S. S. N D M, D M R S . M S midnight
    66 Saraswati Khamaj S R M’ P, n D P, n D S. R. n D P M’ R M P, M’ R S . P R midnight
    67 Shankara Vocal Bilaval S G P N S. S. NP, ND S. NP, GPGS S. NP, ND S. NP, GPGS G N 10 pm to 1 am
    68 Shivranjani Sitar Kafi S R g P D S. S. D P g R S . P S midnight
    69 Shri Poorvi S r r S, r M’ P N S. S. Nd P, M’ P d M’ G r, P r G r S S r r S, r M’ P, d M’ G r G r S R P evening It is a Sandhi Prakash Raag
    70 Shuddh Kalyan Kalyan S R G P D S. S. N D, N D P, M’ G R, G R P R G R S GRS, .N.D.N.D.P, S, GR, PR, GRS G D 7 to 10 pm
    71 Shuddh Sarang Kafi S R M P, M’ P N S. S. N D P M’ G R S . R P 10 am to 1 pm
    72 Shyam Kalyan Kalyan .N S R M’ P N S. S. N D P M’ P G M R .N S .N S R M’ P, G M R .N S P S 7 to 10 pm
    73 Sindhu Bhairavi Asavari S R g M P d n S. S. n d P M g R S . M S 10 am to 1 pm
    74 Sohni Sitar Marva S G M’ D N S. S. r. S. N D, G M’ D, G M’ G, M’ G r S S. N D, G M’ DNS. r. S. D G 4 to 7 am
    75 Sughrai Kafi .n S R g, M P, N S. S. D, N P, M P, g , M R S .n S R g, MP n P, DP, MP g MRS P S 10 am to 1 pm
    76 Tilak Kamod Khamaj S R G S, R M P D, M P, S. S. P D M G, S R G, S .N .P.NSRG, S, RPMG, S.N R P 10 pm to 1 am
    77 Tilang Khamaj S G M P N S. S. n P M G S .NSGMP, NS. , S. nP, GMGS G N 10 pm to 1 am
    78 Todi Todi S r g M’ P d N S. S. N d P M’ g r S .d NS, r , g r, s, M’g r g r S d g 10 am to 1 pm
    79 Vibhas Bhairav S r G P d P S. S. d P G P d P, G r S d , P , GP, G r S d G morning
    80 Vridavani Sarang Vocal Kafi S R M P N S. S. n P M R S .N S R, MR, PMR, S P R 10 am to 1 pm
    81 Yaman Kalyan Vocal Sitar Kalyan S R G M’ P D N S. S. N D P M’ G RS .N R G, R S, P M’ G R S G N 7 to 10 pm
    82 Yamani Bilaval Bilaval .N R G, M R G P, M’ P, D N S. S. N D P, M’ P M G, R G R S .N R G, M’ PMG, RGRS P S morning
    More Raags:
    83 Hemant Bilaval S G M D N S. S. N D P M G R S G M D N D, M P M, N D P M, G M G R S M S 9pm to 12 night
    84 Kirwani Sitar – S R g M P d N S. S. N d P M g R S d P g R S R, R g M P d P – – Midnight
    85 Jog Sitar Kafi S G M P n S. S n P M G M g S G M P n P, P n P M G M g S M S 9pm to 12night

    Taal

    1.  Teen Taal – 16 beats , most important taal in indian hindustani classical music

    Dha Dhin Dhin Dha    |
    1 2 3 4

    X

    Dha Dhin Dhin Dha    |
    5 6 7 8

    2

    Dha Tin Tin Ta    |
    9 10 11 12

    0

    Ta Dhin Dhin Dha    |
    13 14 15 16

    3

    2.  Dadra – 6 beats , used mostly in bhajan, thumri and some film songs

    Dha Dhi Na    |
    1 2 3

    X

    Dha Ti Na    |
    4 5 6

    0

    3. Keharwa – 8 beats , most popular taal used in film songs, bhajan etc. This taal has many variations and is used differently in songs

    Dha Ge Na Ti    |
    1 2 3 4

    X

    Na Ka Dhi Na    |
    5 6 7 8

    0

    4. Roopak – 7 beats

    Ti Ti Na    |
    1 2 3

    0 X

    Dhi Na    |
    4 5

    2

    Dhi Na    |
    6 7

    3

    5. Jhap – 10 beats

    Dhi Na    |
    1 2

    X

    Dhi Dhi Na    |
    3 4 5

    2

    Ti Na    |
    6 7

    0

    Dhi Dhi Na    |
    8 9 10

    3

    6. Ek – 12 beats

    Dhin Dhin  |
    1 2

    X

    DhaGe Tirkit  |
    3 4

    0

    Tu Na  |
    5 6

    2

    Kat Ta  |
    7 8

    0

    DhaGe Tirkit  |
    9 10

    3

    Dhi Na  |
    11 12

    4

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